{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "series_id": "codata-precision-control",
  "retrieved_at": "2026-08-20",
  "source": {
    "schema_version": 1,
    "retrieved_at": "2026-08-20",
    "provider": "National Institute of Standards and Technology",
    "documentation_url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/",
    "editions": {
      "1998": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_1998.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_1998.txt",
        "bytes": 30786,
        "sha256": "847bee08b633b1f37be41c1c26bf7ddafc40b8d52e300515d49656d339c9523a"
      },
      "2002": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_2002.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2002.txt",
        "bytes": 31183,
        "sha256": "9e80262e7f665d5649078e63713d316397b0e0674ba794d7a318230978a62dda"
      },
      "2006": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_2006.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2006.txt",
        "bytes": 32861,
        "sha256": "4bd54de1b198718b9144a2d5de69b2f112a0ae2ff1dbdba15b349809df53ccf3"
      },
      "2010": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_2010.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2010.txt",
        "bytes": 38878,
        "sha256": "6c9eeedca8693cd2ed772d017c7bb07ba3436cc38143c45f6aa6c0afc0ccebb2"
      },
      "2014": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_2014.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2014.txt",
        "bytes": 38532,
        "sha256": "c0c95610c9e6f01ffe57cc2e64ebc43ccf4958507ca4e83f0d1bf56843d739e0"
      },
      "2018": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ArchiveASCII/allascii_2018.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2018.txt",
        "bytes": 40689,
        "sha256": "8c47c05db62c4d314a5244db51a47b4831616e55a8d357ced373a8620ff43be1"
      },
      "2022": {
        "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt",
        "path": "raw/allascii_2022.txt",
        "bytes": 40801,
        "sha256": "77fb90e66c40db3e6eb16630bc9c88e4c7c8beddbe5e71be406f2f26e3f67e67"
      }
    },
    "source_note": "NIST CODATA complete-listing ASCII tables. The 2022 edition is the current NIST table; earlier editions use archived NIST tables."
  },
  "definition": {
    "editions": [
      1998,
      2002,
      2006,
      2010,
      2014,
      2018,
      2022
    ],
    "constants": [
      "inverse fine-structure constant",
      "proton-electron mass ratio",
      "muon-electron mass ratio",
      "deuteron-proton mass ratio",
      "neutron-proton mass ratio",
      "Rydberg constant",
      "electron g factor"
    ],
    "aggregate": "Geometric mean of relative standard uncertainties, reported in parts per billion.",
    "robust_companion": "Median relative standard uncertainty across the same constant set.",
    "date_rule": "CODATA adjustment year, represented as 31 December of that year.",
    "exclusions": [
      "Avogadro constant",
      "Boltzmann constant",
      "Planck constant",
      "elementary charge"
    ]
  },
  "edition_summaries": [
    {
      "edition": 1998,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 3.6534849901061586e-10,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.36534849901061583,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 5.792016175608196e-10,
      "median_ppb": 0.5792016175608197,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2002,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 2.7539014745967686e-10,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.2753901474596769,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 4.629244684712231e-10,
      "median_ppb": 0.4629244684712231,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2006,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 1.5221930365498822e-10,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.15221930365498823,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 4.356936174179006e-10,
      "median_ppb": 0.43569361741790064,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2010,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 1.0850374724322244e-10,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.10850374724322244,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 3.210835130719178e-10,
      "median_ppb": 0.3210835130719178,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2014,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 8.596583567879584e-11,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.08596583567879584,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 9.504716711533547e-11,
      "median_ppb": 0.09504716711533547,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2018,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 5.65070457250145e-11,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.0565070457250145,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 5.990787236363956e-11,
      "median_ppb": 0.05990787236363956,
      "constants": 7
    },
    {
      "edition": 2022,
      "geometric_mean_relative_uncertainty": 2.953561792843731e-11,
      "geometric_mean_ppb": 0.02953561792843731,
      "median_relative_uncertainty": 1.7427744687642204e-11,
      "median_ppb": 0.017427744687642206,
      "constants": 7
    }
  ],
  "constant_trajectories": {
    "inverse fine-structure constant": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 137.03599976,
        "uncertainty": 5e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.6486762666429425e-09,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 3.6486762666429424,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 137.03599911,
        "uncertainty": 4.6e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.356782181233662e-09,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 3.356782181233662,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 137.035999679,
        "uncertainty": 9.400000000000001e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 6.85951138534329e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.685951138534329,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 137.035999074,
        "uncertainty": 4.4e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.210835130719178e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.3210835130719178,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 137.035999139,
        "uncertainty": 3.1e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.2621792955700425e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.22621792955700426,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 137.035999084,
        "uncertainty": 2.1e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.5324440395495982e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.15324440395495983,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 137.035999177,
        "uncertainty": 2.1e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.532444038509599e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.15324440385095991,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ],
    "proton-electron mass ratio": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 1836.1526675,
        "uncertainty": 3.9e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.1240063906614126e-09,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 2.1240063906614126,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 1836.15267261,
        "uncertainty": 8.5e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.629244684712231e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.4629244684712231,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 1836.15267247,
        "uncertainty": 8e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.356936174179006e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.43569361741790064,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 1836.15267245,
        "uncertainty": 7.5e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.08462766333731e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.40846276633373096,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 1836.15267389,
        "uncertainty": 1.7e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 9.258489362970278e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.09258489362970278,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 1836.15267343,
        "uncertainty": 1.1e-07,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.990787236363956e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.05990787236363956,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 1836.152673426,
        "uncertainty": 3.2e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.7427744687642204e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.017427744687642206,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ],
    "muon-electron mass ratio": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 206.7682657,
        "uncertainty": 6.3e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.0468892209700435e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 30.468892209700435,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 206.7682838,
        "uncertainty": 5.4e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.6116191036451403e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 26.116191036451404,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 206.7682823,
        "uncertainty": 5.199999999999999e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.5148924884210826e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 25.148924884210825,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 206.7682843,
        "uncertainty": 5.2e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.5148924640953747e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 25.148924640953748,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 206.7682826,
        "uncertainty": 4.6e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.224712582683124e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 22.24712582683124,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 206.768283,
        "uncertainty": 4.6e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.2247125783793445e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 22.247125783793447,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 206.7682827,
        "uncertainty": 4.6e-06,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.2247125816071793e-08,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 22.247125816071794,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ],
    "deuteron-proton mass ratio": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 1.99900750083,
        "uncertainty": 4.1e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.051017816740385e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.2051017816740385,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 1.99900750082,
        "uncertainty": 4.1e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.051017816750645e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.20510178167506452,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 1.99900750108,
        "uncertainty": 2.2e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.1005461454303749e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.11005461454303749,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 1.99900750097,
        "uncertainty": 1.8e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 9.004468463107651e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.09004468463107651,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 1.99900750087,
        "uncertainty": 1.9e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 9.504716711533547e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.09504716711533547,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 1.99900750139,
        "uncertainty": 1.1e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.502730726298528e-11,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.05502730726298528,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 1.9990075012699,
        "uncertainty": 8.4e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.202085282153154e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0042020852821531545,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ],
    "neutron-proton mass ratio": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 1.00137841887,
        "uncertainty": 5.8e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.792016175608196e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.5792016175608197,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 1.0013784187,
        "uncertainty": 5.8e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.792016176591483e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.5792016176591482,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 1.00137841918,
        "uncertainty": 4.5999999999999996e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.5936679999223546e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.45936679999223545,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 1.00137841917,
        "uncertainty": 4.5e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.4938056521428324e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.44938056521428327,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 1.00137841898,
        "uncertainty": 5.1e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.092979740061545e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.5092979740061544,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 1.00137841931,
        "uncertainty": 4.9e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.893255042760305e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.4893255042760305,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 1.00137841946,
        "uncertainty": 4e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.994493911859042e-10,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.3994493911859042,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ],
    "Rydberg constant": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": 10973731.568549,
        "uncertainty": 8.3e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 7.563516519565702e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.007563516519565702,
        "unit": "m^{-1}"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": 10973731.568525,
        "uncertainty": 7.3e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 6.652249469030166e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.006652249469030166,
        "unit": "m^{-1}"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": 10973731.568527,
        "uncertainty": 7.3e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 6.652249469028954e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0066522494690289535,
        "unit": "m^{-1}"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": 10973731.568539,
        "uncertainty": 5.5e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.011968778030033e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.005011968778030033,
        "unit": "m^-1"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": 10973731.568508,
        "uncertainty": 6.5e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 5.92323582859768e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.00592323582859768,
        "unit": "m^-1"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": 10973731.56816,
        "uncertainty": 2.1e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.9136608062230136e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0019136608062230137,
        "unit": "m^-1"
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": 10973731.568157,
        "uncertainty": 1.2e-05,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.0935204606991638e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0010935204606991639,
        "unit": "m^-1"
      }
    ],
    "electron g factor": [
      {
        "edition": 1998,
        "value": -2.0023193043737,
        "uncertainty": 8.2e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty": 4.0952509332995e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0040952509332995,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2002,
        "value": -2.0023193043718,
        "uncertainty": 7.5e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty": 3.745656341436023e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.003745656341436023,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2006,
        "value": -2.0023193043622,
        "uncertainty": 1.5e-12,
        "relative_uncertainty": 7.491312682907965e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.0007491312682907965,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2010,
        "value": -2.00231930436153,
        "uncertainty": 5.3e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.6469304812950326e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.00026469304812950324,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2014,
        "value": -2.00231930436182,
        "uncertainty": 5.2e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty": 2.59698839674192e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.00025969883967419204,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2018,
        "value": -2.00231930436256,
        "uncertainty": 3.5e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.7479729593448774e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.00017479729593448774,
        "unit": ""
      },
      {
        "edition": 2022,
        "value": -2.00231930436092,
        "uncertainty": 3.6e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty": 1.7979150438990604e-13,
        "relative_uncertainty_ppb": 0.00017979150438990604,
        "unit": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  "headline": {
    "constants": 7,
    "editions": 7,
    "coverage_start": "1998-12-31",
    "coverage_end": "2022-12-31",
    "first_geometric_mean_ppb": 0.36534849901061583,
    "latest_geometric_mean_ppb": 0.02953561792843731,
    "precision_improvement_factor": 12.36975978954729,
    "relative_uncertainty_reduction_percent": 91.91576864051135
  }
}
